Effect of bed armoring on bed topography of channel bends

The two-dimensional numerical model previously developed by the writers for modeling the bed variation,., in a channel bend with uniform sediment is upgraded to incorporate the nonuniformity of sediment particles as well its bed armoring. in this model, the two-dimensional, depth-averaged, unsteady flow equations along with the bed-load mass conservation equation are solved in a body-fitted coordinate system by using the Beam and Warming alternating-direction implicit (ADI) scheme, A one-dimensional bed surface armoring approach is extended herein for application to a two-dimensional domain. The model is applied to a 180 degrees bend with a constant radius under unsteady flow conditions. Numerical simulations are carried out to study the effect of bed armoring on the bed deformations in channel bends. Results show that bed armoring reduces scour in channel bends.