Drought effects on litterfall, wood production and belowground carbon cycling in an Amazon forest: results of a throughfall reduction experiment

被引:315
作者
Brando, Paulo M. [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Nepstad, Daniel C. [1 ,2 ]
Davidson, Eric A. [2 ]
Trumbore, Susan E. [4 ]
Ray, David [2 ]
Camargo, Plinio [5 ]
机构
[1] IPAM, BR-68005 Santarem, Para, Brazil
[2] Woods Hole Res Ctr, Falmouth, MA 02543 USA
[3] Univ Florida, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA
[4] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syat Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
[5] CENA, BR-13400 Piracicaba, Brazil
关键词
above-ground net primary productivity; wood production; Amazon; drought; litterfall; global change;
D O I
10.1098/rstb.2007.0031
中图分类号
Q [生物科学];
学科分类号
07 [理学]; 0710 [生物学]; 09 [农学];
摘要
The Amazon Basin experiences severe droughts that may become more common in the future. Little is known of the effects of such droughts on Amazon forest productivity and carbon allocation. We tested the prediction that severe drought decreases litterfall and wood production but potentially has multiple cancelling effects on belowground production within a 7-year partial throughfall exclusion experiment. We simulated an approximately 35-41% reduction in effective rainfall from 2000 through 2004 in a 1 ha plot and compared forest response with a similar control plot. Wood production was the most sensitive component of above-ground net primary productivity (ANPP) to drought, declining by 13% the first year and up to 62% thereafter. Litterfall declined only in the third year of drought, with a maximum difference of 23% below the control plot. Soil CO2 efflux and its C-14 signature showed no significant treatment response, suggesting similar amounts and sources of belowground production. ANPP was similar between plots in 2000 and declined to a low of 41% below the control plot during the subsequent treatment years, rebounding to only a 10% difference during the first post-treatment year. Live aboveground carbon declined by 32.5 Mg ha(-1) through the effects of drought on ANPP and tree mortality. Results of this unreplicated, long-term, large-scale ecosystem manipulation experiment demonstrate that multi-year severe drought can substantially reduce Amazon forest carbon stocks.
引用
收藏
页码:1839 / 1848
页数:10
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