A novel ammonia-carbon dioxide forward (direct) osmosis desalination process

被引：796

作者：

McCutcheon, JR

McGinnis, RL

Elimelech, M

机构：

[1] Yale Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Environm Engn Program, New Haven, CT 06520 USA

[2] Osmot Technol Inc, Brookline, MA 02446 USA

来源：

DESALINATION | 2005年 / 174卷 / 01期

关键词：

forward osmosis; direct osmosis; osmosis; desalination; ammonium bicarbonate; draw solution; osmotic pressure; internal concentration polarization;

D O I：

10.1016/j.desal.2004.11.002

中图分类号：

TQ [化学工业];

学科分类号：

0817 ;

摘要：

A novel forward (direct) osmosis (FO) desalination process is presented. The process uses an ammonium bicarbonate draw solution to extract water from a saline feed water across a semi-permeable polymeric membrane. Very large osmotic pressures generated by the highly soluble ammonium bicarbonate draw solution yield high water fluxes and can result in very high feed water recoveries. Upon moderate heating, ammonium bicarbonate decomposes into ammonia and carbon dioxide gases that can be separated and recycled as draw solutes, leaving the fresh product water. Experiments with a laboratory-scale FO unit utilizing a flat sheet cellulose tri-acetate membrane demonstrated high product water flux and relatively high salt rejection. The results further revealed that reverse osmosis (RO) membranes are not suitable for the FO process because of relatively low product water fluxes attributed to severe internal concentration polarization in the porous support and fabric layers of the RO membrane.

引用

页码：1 / 11

页数：11

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