Identification, cloning and expression of rabbit vascular smooth muscle Kv1.5 and comparison with native delayed rectifier K+ current

1. The molecular basis of voltage-gated, delayed rectifier K(+) (K(DR)) channels in vascular smooth muscle cells is poorly defined. In this study we employed (i) an antibody against Kv1.5 and (ii) a cDNA clone encoding Kv1.5 derived from rabbit portal vein (RPV) to demonstrate Kv1.5 expression in RPV and to compare the properties of RPVKv1.5 expressed in mammalian cells with those of native RPV K(DR) current. 2. Expression of Kv1.5 channel protein in RPV was demonstrated by (i) immunocytolocalization of an antibody raised against a C-terminal epitope of mouse cardiac Kv1.5 in permeabilized, freshly isolated RPV smooth muscle cells and (ii) isolation of a cDNA clone encoding RPVKv1.5 by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using mRNA derived from endothelium-denuded and adventitia-free RPV. 3. RPVKv1.5 cDNA was expressed in mammalian L cells and human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells and the properties of the expressed channels compared with those of native K(DR) channels of freshly dispersed myocytes under identical conditions. 4. The kinetics and voltage dependence of activation of L cell-expressed RPVKv1.5 and native K(DR) current were identical, as were the kinetics of recovery from inactivation and single channel conductance. In contrast, there was little similarity between HEK293 cell-expressed RPVKv1.5 and native Ii current. 5. Inactivation occurred with the same voltage for half-maximal availability, but the kinetics and slope constant for the voltage dependence of inactivation for L cell-expressed RPVKv1.5 and the native current were different: slow time constants were 6.5 +/- 0.6 and 3.5 +/- 0.4 s and slope factors were 4.7 +/- 0.2 and 7.0 +/- 0.8 mV respectively. 6. This study provides immunofluorescence and functional evidence that Kv1.5 alpha-subunits are a component of native K(DR) channels of vascular smooth muscle cells of RPV However, the differences in kinetics and voltage sensitivity of inactivation between L cell- and HEK293 cell-expressed channels and native K(DR) channels provide functional evidence that vascular K(DR) current is not due to homomultimers of RPV Kv1.5 alone. The channel structure may be more complex, involving heteromultimers and modulatory Kv beta-subunits, and/or native K(DR) current may have other components involving Kv alpha-subunits of other families.