Quantitative and qualitative performance of stroke versus normal elderly on six clock drawing systems

The utility of the Clock Drawing Test (CDT) in localizing lesions has riot been thoroughly examined to date. In the present study, six scoring systems (Freedman et al., 1994; Ishiai, Sugishita, Ichikawa, Gone, & Watabiki, 1993; Mendez, Ala, & Underwood, 1992; Rouleau, Salmon, Butters, Kennedy & McGuife, 1992; Sunderland et nl., 1989; Tuokko, Hadjistavropoulos, Miller, & Beattie, 1992; Watson, Arfken, & Bir ge, 1993; Wolf-Klein, Silverstone, Levy & Brod, 1989) were used ro assess clock drawings by 76 stroke patients and 71 normal controls. Significant differences were found between normals and stroke patients oil all scoring systems for both quantitative and qualitative features of the the CDT. Quantitative indices were not helpful ill differentiating between various stroke groups (left versus right versus bilateral stroke; cortical versus subcortical stroke; anterior versus posterior stroke), Qualitative features were helpful in lateralizing lesion sire and differentiating subcortical from cortical groups. Correlational analyses revealed that CDT performance was related to visuospatial processing and measures commonly used ill cognitive screening. (C) 1998 National Academy of Neuropsychology. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.