Cultural cognition of scientific consensus

被引：928

作者：

Kahan, Dan M. ^{[1
]}

Jenkins-Smith, Hank ^{[2
]}

Braman, Donald ^{[3
]}

机构：

[1] Yale Univ, Yale Law Sch, New Haven, CT 06511 USA

[2] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Polit Sci, Norman, OK 73019 USA

[3] George Washington Univ, George Washington Law Sch, Washington, DC USA

来源：

JOURNAL OF RISK RESEARCH | 2011年 / 14卷 / 02期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

cultural cognition of risk; scientific consensus; climate change; nuclear energy; handgun regulation; RISK PERCEPTIONS; POLICY; WORLDVIEWS; POLITICS; TRUST; MODEL;

D O I：

10.1080/13669877.2010.511246

中图分类号：

C [社会科学总论];

学科分类号：

03 ; 0303 ;

摘要：

Why do members of the public disagree - sharply and persistently - about facts on which expert scientists largely agree? We designed a study to test a distinctive explanation: the cultural cognition of scientific consensus. The 'cultural cognition of risk' refers to the tendency of individuals to form risk perceptions that are congenial to their values. The study presents both correlational and experimental evidence confirming that cultural cognition shapes individuals' beliefs about the existence of scientific consensus, and the process by which they form such beliefs, relating to climate change, the disposal of nuclear wastes, and the effect of permitting concealed possession of handguns. The implications of this dynamic for science communication and public policy-making are discussed.

引用

页码：147 / 174

页数：28

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