Anomalous subarctic influence in the southern California Current during 2002

[1] A highly anomalous water mass of apparent subarctic origin, characterized by negative temperature and salinity anomalies, high concentrations of dissolved oxygen and inorganic nutrients, and unusually high chlorophyll fluorescence, was observed off southern California during summer 2002. This water mass was confined spatially to a narrow ribbon in the upper pycnocline: at a density of sigma(t) = 25.0 kg m(-3) and similar to150-350 km offshore, within and seaward of the main California Current core. These observations are very similar to those made off the Oregon and Vancouver Island coasts at about the same time, implying a displacement of subarctic waters more than 1200 km equatorward within the California. The magnitude of the anomalies observed in July 2002 suggest the occurrence of the largest subarctic intrusion into the California Current System in the 50+ year historical record and may reflect low-frequency climate variability.