Decentralized Demand-Side Contribution to Primary Frequency Control

被引:354
作者
Molina-Garcia, Angel [1 ]
Bouffard, Francois [2 ]
Kirschen, Daniel S. [2 ]
机构
[1] Tech Univ Cartagena, Dept Elect Engn, Cartagena, Spain
[2] Univ Manchester, Sch Elect & Elect Engn, Manchester M60 1QD, Lancs, England
关键词
Decentralized control; demand-side response; load frequency control; primary frequency control;
D O I
10.1109/TPWRS.2010.2048223
中图分类号
TM [电工技术]; TN [电子技术、通信技术];
学科分类号
0808 ; 0809 ;
摘要
Frequency in large power systems is usually controlled by adjusting the production of generating units in response to changes in the load. As the amount of intermittent renewable generation increases and the proportion of flexible conventional generating units decreases, a contribution from the demand side to primary frequency control becomes technically and economically desirable. One of the reasons why this has not been done was the perceived difficulties in dealing with many small loads rather than a limited number of generating units. In particular, the cost and complexity associated with two-way communications between many loads and the control center appeared to be insurmountable obstacles. This paper argues that this two-way communication is not essential and that the demand can respond to the frequency error in a manner similar to the generators. Simulation results show that, using this approach, the demand side can make a significant and reliable contribution to primary frequency response while preserving the benefits that consumers derive from their supply of electric energy.
引用
收藏
页码:411 / 419
页数:9
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