Highly Improved Rate Capability for a Lithium-Ion Battery Nano-Li4Ti5O12 Negative Electrode via Carbon-Coated Mesoporous Uniform Pores with a Simple Self-Assembly Method

被引:269
作者
Kang, Eunae [1 ]
Jung, Yoon Seok [3 ]
Kim, Gi-Heon [3 ]
Chun, Jinyoung [1 ]
Wiesner, Ulrich
Dillon, Anne C. [3 ]
Kim, Jin Kon [1 ]
Lee, Jinwoo [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem Engn, Pohang 790784, South Korea
[2] Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, Pohang 790784, South Korea
[3] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA
基金
美国国家科学基金会; 新加坡国家研究基金会;
关键词
TRANSITION-METAL OXIDES; MOLECULAR-SIEVES; ANODE MATERIAL; ELECTROCHEMICAL-BEHAVIOR; HIGH-POWER; LI4TI5O12; SPINEL; INSERTION; INTERCALATION; INTERPHASE;
D O I
10.1002/adfm.201101123
中图分类号
O6 [化学];
学科分类号
0703 ;
摘要
A mesostructured spinel Li4Ti5O12 (LTO)-carbon nanocomposite (denoted as Meso-LTO-C) with large (>15 nm) and uniform pores is simply synthesized via block copolymer self-assembly. Exceptionally high rate capability is then demonstrated for Li-ion battery (LIB) negative electrodes. Polyisoprene-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (PI-b-PEO) with a sp2-hybridized carbon-containing hydrophobic block is employed as a structure-directing agent. Then the assembled composite material is crystallized at 700 degrees C enabling conversion to the spinel LTO structure without loss of structural integrity. Part of the PI is converted to a conductive carbon that coats the pores of the Meso-LTO-C. The in situ pyrolyzed carbon not only maintains the porous mesostructure as the LTO is crystallized, but also improves the electronic conductivity. A Meso-LTO-C/Li cell then cycles stably at 10 C-rate, corresponding to only 6 min for complete charge and discharge, with a reversible capacity of 115 mA h g-1 with 90% capacity retention after 500 cycles. In sharp contrast, a Bulk-LTO/Li cell exhibits only 69 mA h g-1 at 10 C-rate. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) with symmetric LTO/LTO cells prepared from Bulk-LTO and Meso-LTO-C cycled in different potential ranges reveals the factors contributing to the vast difference between the rate-capabilities. The carbon-coated mesoporous structure enables highly improved electronic conductivity and significantly reduced charge transfer resistance, and a much smaller overall resistance is observed compared to Bulk-LTO. Also, the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI)-free surface due to the limited voltage window (>1 V versus Li/Li+) contributes to dramatically reduced resistance.
引用
收藏
页码:4349 / 4357
页数:9
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