Oxidation of lipids in low density lipoprotein particles

This study was undertaken to understand further the mechanisms and dynamics of the oxidation of lipids in low density lipoprotein (LDL) particles, aiming specifically at elucidating the material balance between oxygen uptake and products found and also the relative susceptibilities to oxidation of cholesteryl ester in the core and phosphatidylcholine in the outer monolayer in the LDL particles. It was found that considerable amount of oxygen uptake could not be accounted for by conjugated diene or total peroxides. Total peroxide was measured from the phosphine oxide formed from triphenylphosphine or diphenylpyrenylphosphine by reduction of peroxides. Cholesteryl ester hydroperoxides and phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxides were the major peroxides formed in LDL oxidation, but they accounted for about 60% of total peroxide. Cholesterol was also oxidized, but its oxidation was significant only at the later stages of the reaction. It was also found that the oxidizability of cholesteryl ester relative to phosphatidylcholine was larger within the LDL particle than in homogeneous solution and this was interpreted in the context of the physical properties of LDL particle.