Emerging roles of TET proteins and 5-Hydroxymethylcytosines in active DNA demethylation and beyond

被引：181

作者：

Guo, Junjie U. ^{[1
,2
]}

Su, Yijing ^{[1
,3
]}

Zhong, Chun ^{[1
,3
]}

Ming, Guo-li ^{[1
,3
]}

Song, Hongjun ^{[1
,3
]}

机构：

[1] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Inst Cell Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA

[2] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Solomon H Snyder Dept Neurosci, Baltimore, MD USA

[3] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Baltimore, MD USA

来源：

CELL CYCLE | 2011年 / 10卷 / 16期

关键词：

TET1; 5-hydroxymethylcytosine; active DNA demethylation; epigenetic; DNA methylation; hippocampus; electroconvulsive stimulation; Gadd45b; BER; ACUTE MYELOID-LEUKEMIA; METHYLATION PATTERNS; GLYCOSYLASE ACTIVITY; GENOME; REPAIR; GENE; TRANSCRIPTION; 5-METHYLCYTOSINE; HYDROXYLATION; DAMAGE;

D O I：

10.4161/cc.10.16.17093

中图分类号：

Q2 [细胞生物学];

学科分类号：

071009 ; 090102 ;

摘要：

Cytosine methylation is the major epigenetic modification of metazoan DNA. Although there is strong evidence that active DNA demethylation occurs in animal cells, the molecular details of this process are unknown. The recent discovery of TET protein family (TET1-3) 5-methylcytosine hydroxylases has provided a new entry point to reveal the identity of the long-sought DNA demethylase. Here we review the recent progress in understanding the function of TET proteins and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) through various biochemical and genomic approaches, the current evidence for a role of 5hmC as an early intermediate in active DNA demethylation, and the potential functions of TET proteins and 5hmC beyond active DNA demethylation. We also discuss how future studies can extend our knowledge of this novel epigenetic modification.

引用

页码：2662 / 2668

页数：7

共 76 条

[1] Human and bacterial oxidative demethylases repair alkylation damage in both RNA and DNA [J].