Selective impairment of frontal-executive cognitive function in African Americans with cardiovascular risk factors

被引:41
作者
Pugh, KG
Kiely, DK
Milberg, WP
Lipsitz, LA
机构
[1] Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Dept Med, Gerontol Div, Boston, MA 02215 USA
[2] Hebrew Rehabil Ctr Aged, Boston, MA 02131 USA
[3] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Div Aging, Boston, MA USA
[4] USN, Naval Sch Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA
[5] Brockton W Roxbury Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Geriatr Neuropsychol Lab, Boston, MA USA
[6] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Boston, MA USA
关键词
African American; cardiovascular; memory; executive function;
D O I
10.1046/j.1532-5415.2003.51463.x
中图分类号
R592 [老年病学]; C [社会科学总论];
学科分类号
03 ; 0303 ; 100203 ;
摘要
OBJECTIVES: To determine whether a summary cardiovascular risk score is associated with an increased risk of frontal-executive cognitive impairment. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Subjects were recruited from senior centers, senior housing complexes, and communities in the Boston metropolitan area. PARTICIPANTS: Forty-three predominantly female elderly African Americans. MEASUREMENTS: Cardiovascular risk factors were assessed during an interview and clinical examination. For each subject, the total number of cardiovascular (CV) risk factors was summed to compute a CV risk score. A battery of neuropsychological tests was administered that examined memory, visuospatial abilities, and frontal-executive functions. Cognitive test scores were transformed into domain-specific (memory, visuospatial, frontal-executive) composite z scores. Cognitive impairment for each composite z score was defined as performance less than the median for the study group. Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between the CV risk score and the risk for cognitive impairment in the three cognitive domains of interest. RESULTS: After controlling for age and education, the CV risk score was associated only with frontal-executive cognitive impairment (odds ratio (OR) = 2.44, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.06-5.65). The CV risk score was not associated with the risk of memory (OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 0.64-2.67) or visuospatial impairment (OR = 1.49, 95% CI = 0.66-3.36). Greater CV risk scores were associated with an increased likelihood of having frontal-executive cognitive impairment. CONCLUSION: CV risk factors may exert a specific deleterious effect on frontal-executive cognitive abilities as opposed to memory or visuospatial functions. Associated executive dysfunction may compromise the ability of patients with CV risk factors to comply with recommendations for risk reduction.
引用
收藏
页码:1439 / 1444
页数:6
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