Constraining slip rates and spacings for active normal faults

被引:209
作者
Cowie, PA
Roberts, GP
机构
[1] Univ Edinburgh, Dept Geol & Geophys, Edinburgh EH9 3JW, Midlothian, Scotland
[2] Univ London Birkbeck Coll, Res Sch Geol & Geophys Sci, London WC1E 6BT, England
[3] UCL, London WC1E 6BT, England
关键词
slip rates; faults; displacement;
D O I
10.1016/S0191-8141(01)00036-0
中图分类号
P [天文学、地球科学];
学科分类号
07 ;
摘要
Numerous observations of extensional provinces indicate that neighbouring faults commonly slip at different rates and, moreover, may be active over different time intervals. These published observations include variations in slip rate measured along-strike of a fault array or fault zone, as well as significant across-strike differences in the timing and rates of movement on faults that have a similar orientation with respect to the regional stress field. Here we review published examples from the western USA, the North Sea, and central Greece, and present new data from the Italian Apennines that support the idea that such variations are systematic and thus to some extent predictable. The basis for the prediction is that: (1) the way in which a fault grows is fundamentally controlled by the ratio of maximum displacement to length, and (2) the regional strain rate must remain approximately constant through time. We show how data on fault lengths and displacements can be used to model the observed patterns of long-term slip rate where measured values are sparse. Specifically, we estimate the magnitude of spatial variation in slip rate along-strike and relate it to the across-strike spacing between active faults. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:1901 / 1915
页数:15
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