The impact of childhood intelligence on later life: Following up the Scottish Mental Surveys of 1932 and 1947

被引:543
作者
Deary, IJ
Whiteman, MC
Starr, JM
Whalley, LJ
Fox, HC
机构
[1] Univ Edinburgh, Dept Psychol, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, Midlothian, Scotland
[2] Univ Edinburgh, Dept Geriatr Med, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, Midlothian, Scotland
[3] Univ Aberdeen, Dept Mental Hlth, Aberdeen AB9 1FX, Scotland
关键词
D O I
10.1037/0022-3514.86.1.130
中图分类号
B84 [心理学];
学科分类号
04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
The Scottish Mental Surveys of 1932 and 1947 collected valid IQ-type test scores for almost everyone born in 1921 and 1936 and attending school on June 1, 1932 (N = 89,498) and June 4, 1947 (N = 70.805). These surveys are described. This research, using the surveys' data, examined (a) the stability of intelligence differences across the life span, (b) the determinants of cognitive change from childhood to old age, and (c) the impact of childhood intelligence on survival and health in old age. Surviving participants of the Scottish Mental Surveys were tested, and the surveys' data were linked with public and health records. Novel findings on the stability of IQ scores from age I I to age 80; sex differences in cognitive aging; the dedifferentiation hypothesis of cognitive aging; and the effect of childhood IQ on all-cause and specific mortality, morbidity, and frailty in old age are presented.
引用
收藏
页码:130 / 147
页数:18
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