A relationship between the aerodynamic and physical roughness of winter sea ice

被引:21
作者
Andreas, Edgar L. [1 ]
机构
[1] NW Res Associates Inc, Seattle Div, Lebanon, NH 03766 USA
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
bulk turbulent flux algorithm; drag coefficient; Ice Station Weddell; roughness length; SHEBA; snow; turbulence measurements; PARAMETERIZING TURBULENT EXCHANGE; ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY-LAYER; WESTERN WEDDELL SEA; AIR-FLOW SEPARATION; DRAG COEFFICIENTS; WIND STRESS; BULK PARAMETERIZATION; RADAR BACKSCATTER; STATION-WEDDELL; SURFACE;
D O I
10.1002/qj.842
中图分类号
P4 [大气科学(气象学)];
学科分类号
0706 ; 070601 ;
摘要
A bulk flux algorithm predicts the turbulent surface fluxes of momentum and sensible and latent heat frommeanmeasured ormodelled meteorological variables. The bulk flux algorithm resulting from data collected over winter sea ice during SHEBA, the experiment to study the Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic Ocean, failed, however, in its first trial to predict the turbulent momentum flux over sea ice in the Antarctic. This result suggests that the main parameter for predicting the momentum flux, the aerodynamics roughness length z(0), does not respond just to the friction velocity, as in the SHEBA algorithm, but is closely related to the physical roughness of snow-covered sea ice and may need to be site-specific. I investigate this idea with simultaneous measurements of z(0) and the physical roughness of the surface, xi, at Ice Station Weddell. The metric. derives from surveys of surface elevation and is related to but always less than the standard deviation in surface elevation. On combining the z(0)-xi pairs from Ice StationWeddell with similar data obtained over Arctic sea ice, I show that the Arctic and Antarctic z(0)-xi data lie along a continuum such that measuring xi could provide a means for estimating a site-specific z(0) for any global sea ice surface. Backscatter data from satellite-borne synthetic aperture radar might provide a remotely sensed estimate of xi. Copyright (C) 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
引用
收藏
页码:1581 / 1588
页数:8
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