Chemotaxis receptor recognition by protein methyltransferase CheR

Signal transduction processes commonly involve reversible covalent modifications of receptors, Bacterial chemotaxis receptors are reversibly methylated at specific glutamate residues within coiled-coil regions of their cytoplasmic domains. Methylation is catalyzed by an S-adenosylmethionine-dependent protein methyltransferase, CheR, that binds to a specific sequence at the C-termini of some chemotaxis receptors, From this tethering point, CheR methylates neighboring receptor molecules. We report the crystal structure, determined to 2.2 Angstrom resolution, of a complex of the Salmonella typhimurium methyltransferase CheR bound to the methylation reaction product, S-adenosylhomocysteine (AdoHcy), and the C-terminal pentapeptide of the aspartate receptor, Tar. The structure indicates the basis for the specificity of interaction between the chemoreceptors and CheR and identifies a specific receptor binding motif incorporated in the CheR methyltransferase domain.