Allelochemicals in chicory and utilization in processed foods

In connection with a proposed defensive mechanism of chicory, antimicrobial, and nematicidal substances from the rhizomes were studied. A new antimicrobial sesquiterpenoid, 8 alpha -angeloyloxycichoralexin, in addition to guaianolides such as cichoralexin and 10 alpha -hydroxycichopumilide, was isolated and identified. These sesquiterpenoids exhibited antifungal activities against Pericularia oryzae, Pellicularia sasakii, Alternaria kikuchiana, and others. Ether-soluble phenolics from the chicory rhizome exhibited nematicidal activity. Thus, it appears that these secondary metabolites play an important ecological role. Furthermore, the allelochemical research was applied to the production of processed foods. The addition of dry powder from chicory rhizome to noodles, a boiled fish paste, and cocoa- and coffeecakes provided elongation of food preservation.