Treatment of multiple drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in Iran

Setting: Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Tehran, Iran, 2000-2002. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of multiple drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment for the first time in Iran. Design: All cases of MDR-TB with complete follow-up data were recruited and results of their treatments were evaluated. Results: MDR-TB treatment was initiated with 5.23 drugs, on average. Isoniazid, amikacin, and ofloxacin were present in the drug regimen of all patients. Average duration of the treatment was 18.5 months (range, 7-36). Over 76% of the patients responded to the treatment (negative smear and culture). Cure and probable cure were documented in seven (41.2%) and four (23.5%) of the patients, respectively. No failure in the treatment occurred when cycloserine was present in the treatment regimen. Conclusion: A majority of the MDR-TB patients in Iran can be cured with the use of appropriate treatment regimens. An even greater success could be achieved by providing more second-line drugs. (c) 2005 International Society for Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.