Characteristics of superficially-porous silica particles for fast HPLC:: Some performance comparisons with sub-2-μm particles

Columns of 2.7-μm fused-core (superficially porous) Type B silica particles allow very fast separations of small molecules at pressures available in most high-performance liquid chromatography instruments. These highly-purified particles with 1.7-μm solid silica cores and 0.5-μm-thick shells of 9 nm pores exhibit efficiencies that rival those of totally porous sub-2-μm particles but at one-half to one-third of the column back pressure. This presentation describes other operating features of fused-core particle columns, including sample loading characteristics and packed bed stability. The superior mass transfer (kinetic) properties of the fused-core particles result in much-improved separation efficiency at higher mobile phase velocities, especially for > 600 molecular weight solutes.