Multiple-Stripe Lithiation Mechanism of Individual SnO2 Nanowires in a Flooding Geometry

被引：60

作者：

Zhong, Li ^{[2
]}

Liu, Xiao Hua ^{[1
]}

Wang, Guo Feng ^{[2
]}

Mao, Scott X. ^{[2
]}

Huang, Jian Yu ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA

[2] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA

来源：

PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS | 2011年 / 106卷 / 24期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

LITHIUM INTERCALATION; RUTILE; DIFFUSION; LI; TIO2; INSERTION; SIZE;

D O I：

10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.248302

中图分类号：

O4 [物理学];

学科分类号：

0702 ;

摘要：

The atomic scale lithiation mechanism of individual SnO2 nanowires in a flooding geometry was revealed by in situ transmission electron microscopy. The lithiation was initiated by the formation of multiple stripes with a width of a few nanometers parallel to the (020) plane traversing the entire wires, serving as multiple reaction fronts for later stages of lithiation. Inside the stripes, we identified a high density of dislocations and enlarged interplanar spacing, which provided an effective path for lithium ion transport. The density of the stripes increased with further lithiation, and eventually they merged with one another, causing a large elongation, volume expansion, and the crystalline-to-amorphous phase transformation. This lithiation mechanism characterized by multiple stripes and multiple reaction fronts was unexpected and differed completely from the expected core-shell lithiation mechanism.

引用

页数：4

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