A surface characterisation and microstructural study by Scanning Electron Microscopy of the N-methyl-N-alkylpyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate organic salts

被引:32
作者
Efthimiadis, J
Forsyth, M
MacFarlane, DR
机构
[1] Monash Univ, Sch Phys & Mat Engn, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia
[2] Monash Univ, Sch Chem, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia
关键词
D O I
10.1023/A:1025142106139
中图分类号
T [工业技术];
学科分类号
08 ;
摘要
A microstructural characterisation of the family of N-methyl-N-alkylpyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate organic salts was carried out by observation of powder surface morphologies with the aim of extending the microstructure-property correlation. Inherent difficulties limiting extensive studies of organic solids by SEM, including volatility under vacuum, charging due to electron beam irradiation, and air-sensitivity were overcome with the use of a Field Emission SEM and cryostage attachment. This technique, providing considerable improvements in image quality at low accelerating voltages, enabled direct observation of complex microstructural features in samples exhibiting high temperature plastic crystalline phases (N,N-dimethylpyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate [P11BF4]; N-methyl-N-ethylpyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate [P12BF4]; N-methyl-N-propylpyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate [P13BF4]). Extensive lattice imperfections including grain boundaries, slip planes and dislocation pits were observed within particles of approximately 200 mum diameter. The N-methyl-N-butylpyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate (P14BF4) sample in this series revealed columnar single crystals with high aspect ratios. The origin of plastic flow properties is discussed using single crystal and polycrystalline slip observations and a relationship proposed between defect characteristics and transport properties. (C) 2003 Kluwer Academic Publishers.
引用
收藏
页码:3293 / 3301
页数:9
相关论文
共 55 条
[1]   A model of crystal plasticity based on the theory of continuously distributed dislocations [J].
Acharya, A .
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS, 2001, 49 (04) :761-784
[2]  
Allen TD, 1997, SCANNING, V19, P403, DOI 10.1002/sca.4950190603
[3]  
AMELINCK.S, 1964, DISCUSS FARADAY SOC, P7
[4]  
ANGELL CA, 1986, DOEER45102T1
[5]   Solid-state microbatteries for electronics in the 21st century [J].
Balkanski, M .
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS, 2000, 62 (1-2) :21-35
[6]   Plastic flow in a composite: a comparison of nonlocal continuum and discrete dislocation predictions [J].
Bassani, JL ;
Needleman, A ;
Van der Giessen, E .
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES, 2001, 38 (05) :833-853
[7]   Electrolytes for advanced batteries [J].
Blomgren, GE .
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES, 1999, 81 :112-118
[8]   Dislocation plasticity in persistent slip bands [J].
Brown, LM .
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING, 2000, 285 (1-2) :35-42
[9]  
CALLISTER WD, 1991, MAT SCI ENG INTRO, P158
[10]  
CALLISTER WD, 1991, MAT SCI ENG INTRO, P164