Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal motor neuron disease characterized by rapid degeneration of and loss of function in the motor cortex, brain stem, and spinal cord, particularly the anterior liont cells. Since the pioneering work of Brown and colleagues, more than 100 Mutations in Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD I) have been described (P. Pasinelli, R. H. Brown, Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 7, 710-723, 2006). There are toxic gain-of-function alterations in SODI, because the enzymatic activity of this protein is not different in ALS from that of controls. The paper by Butterfield and colleagues reporting the use of redox proteornics to identify oxidatively modified proteins in the spinal cord in the G93A-SOD1 mouse model of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis was identified by the SCOPUS science literature infortmation system to be one of the top 20 downloaded papers for 2005-2006 in Free Radical Biology and Medicine. Here my thoughts on the importance and impact of this paper are reported. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.