Quantitative EPR - Sensitivity to experimental conditions and optimal setting of recording parameters

This is the proportionality of the area under undistorted absorption curve to the spin number contributing to the resonance phenomena which makes the electron paramagnetic resonance spectrometry a method of quantitative analysis. However, quantitative EPR (Q-EPR) is not so simple as the relation is. Direct quantitative measurements are practically excluded, the comparison of both standard and unknown sample EPR signals (indirect determination) is rather used, as a rule. The accuracy of spin number determination is an essential problem of quantitative EPR. The experimental conditions and instrumental variables influencing the signal shape and intensity may lower the accuracy of quantitative determinations. There is different sensitivity of various line parameters to the instrumental distortions and experimental conditions. Thus, the optimal setting of instrumental variables controlling the distortions depends on the procedure being used for quantitative determinations. The aspects of sensitivity of different Q-EPR procedures to instrumental distortions, as well as the rules of optimal setting of these parameters are the subject of this review.