Infectious complications occurring in liver transplant recipients receiving mycophenolate mofetil

Background. Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is a new immunosuppressive agent that is gaining widespread use in solid organ transplantation recipients. A comprehensive assessment of infectious complications after its use after liver transplantation has never been assessed, Methods, Bacterial, fungal, and viral infections occurring after transplantation were compared for a cohort of consecutive liver transplant recipients who received MMF (because of suspected tacrolimus-related nephrotoxicity or neurotoxicity) and a cohort who did not receive the drug. All patients received a tacrolimus-based primary immunosuppressive protocol, Results, Biopsy-proven acute rejection episodes within the first 6 months after transplant occurred in 6% of MMF-treated patients but in 30% of those who did not receive MMF (P=0.07), No significant differences were found in occurrence of cytomegalovirus infection or disease, Pneumocystis carinii, Aspergillus, or other fungal infection and hepatitis C virus recurrence between MMF-treated and untreated patients, Bacterial infections were more common in MMF-treated patients, but this cohort had a prolonged intensive care unit stay compared with patients who did not receive MMF. None of the MMF-treated patients with bacterial infection had leukopenia, Conclusions. MMF use does not appear to be associated with an significantly increased risk of infection occurring after liver transplantation and is associated with fewer episodes of acute rejection.