Testing Re-entrained Aerosol Kinetic Emissions from Roads (TRAKER): a new approach to infer silt loading on roadways

被引:80
作者
Kuhns, H
Etyemezian, V
Landwehr, D
MacDougall, C
Pitchford, M
Green, M
机构
[1] Desert Res Inst, Div Atmospher Sci, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA
[2] Dames & Moore, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA
[3] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA
关键词
road dust; area sources; fugitive emissions; resuspension; particle entrainment;
D O I
10.1016/S1352-2310(01)00079-6
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
PM10 and PM2.5 emissions from roadways are currently estimated using the silt loading on the road surface as a surrogate for the emissions potential of road dust. While the United States Environmental Protection Agency prescribes this method in AP-42, there is considerable cost associated with silt loading measurements, it is feasible to sample only a small portion of a roadway network. A new approach for measuring the concentration of suspendable PM10 above road surfaces has been developed to obtain a more spatially representative estimate of a road's potential to emit dust. The Testing Re-entrained Aerosols Kinetic Emissions from Roads (TRAKER) system uses real-time aerosol sensors mounted on a vehicle to measure the concentration of dust suspended from the road while the vehicle is in motion. When coupled with a Global Positioning System (GPS) instrument, TRAKER can be used to efficiently survey the changes in the suspendable particle reservoir due to varying road conditions over a large spatial domain. In a recent study on paved roads in Las Vegas, the TRAKER system was compared with collocated silt loading measurements. The TRAKER system was also used to survey the relative amounts of suspendable road dust on approximately 300 miles of paved roads. The system provides a unique perspective on road dust sources and their spatial distribution. Results of this study indicated that the difference of the PM10 concentrations measured behind the tire and on the hood is exponentially related to vehicle speed. This was an interesting finding because current AP-42 road dust emissions estimation methods do not include vehicle speed as a factor in the emissions calculations. The experiment also demonstrated that the distribution of suspendable material on roadways is highly variable and that a large number of samples are needed to represent road dust emissions potential on an urban scale for a variety of road and activity conditions. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.
引用
收藏
页码:2815 / 2825
页数:11
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