[1] Dalian Maritime Univ, Inst Rd & Bridge Engn, Dalian, Peoples R China
[2] Kyoto Inst Technol, Div Adv Fibro Sci, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 606, Japan
[3] Shinshu Univ, Dept Funct Machinery & Mech, Ueda, Nagano 386, Japan
[4] Chinese Acad Sci, Tech Inst Phys & Chem, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China