Nanoscale effects leading to non-Einstein-like decrease in viscosity

被引:551
作者
Mackay, ME [1 ]
Dao, TT
Tuteja, A
Ho, DL
Van Horn, B
Kim, HC
Hawker, CJ
机构
[1] Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA
[2] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA
[3] IBM Corp, Almaden Res Ctr, San Jose, CA 95120 USA
关键词
D O I
10.1038/nmat999
中图分类号
O64 [物理化学(理论化学)、化学物理学];
学科分类号
070304 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Nanoparticles have been shown to influence mechanical properties; however, transport properties such as viscosity have not been adequately studied. This might be due to the common observation that particle addition to liquids produces an increase in viscosity, even in polymeric liquids, as predicted by Einstein nearly a century ago. But confinement and surface effects provided by nanoparticles have been shown to produce conformational changes to polymer molecules, so it is expected that nanoparticles will affect the macroscopic viscosity. To minimize extraneous enthalpic or other effects, we blended organic nanoparticles, synthesized by intramolecular crosslinking of single polystyrene chains, with linear polystyrene macromolecules. Remarkably, the blend viscosity was found to decrease and scale with the change in free volume introduced by the nanoparticles and not with the decrease in entanglement. Indeed, the entanglements did not seem to be affected at all, suggesting unusual polymer dynamics.
引用
收藏
页码:762 / 766
页数:5
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