Voyager 1 explores the termination shock region and the heliosheath beyond

被引:506
作者
Stone, EC [1 ]
Cummings, AC
McDonald, FB
Heikkila, BC
Lal, N
Webber, WR
机构
[1] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA
[2] Univ Maryland, Inst Phys Sci & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA
[3] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
[4] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA
关键词
D O I
10.1126/science.1117684
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Voyager 1 crossed the termination shock of the supersonic flow of the solar wind on 16 December 2004 at a distance of 94.01 astronomical units from the Sun, becoming the first spacecraft to begin exploring the heliosheath, the outermost layer of the heliosphere. The shock is a steady source of low-energy protons with an energy spectrum similar to E-1.41 +/- 0.15 from 0.5 to similar to 3.5 megaelectron volts, consistent with a weak termination shock having a solar wind velocity jump ratio r = 2.6(-0.2)(+0.4). However, in contradiction to many predictions, the intensity of anomalous cosmic ray (ACR) helium did not peak at the shock, indicating that the ACR source is not in the shock region local to Voyager 1. The intensities of similar to 10-megaelectron volt electrons, ACRs, and galactic cosmic rays have steadily increased since late 2004 as the effects of solar modulation have decreased.
引用
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页码:2017 / 2020
页数:4
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