Nippon Steel's efforts to reduce the environmental impact of its activities are reviewed. In addition to continuously and critically assessing the impact from steelmaking activities, the company contributes significantly to improvements in downstream sectors. For example, the automotive, construction and transportation sectors, among others, have benefited from improved provision, transport and recycling of steel products and byproducts and from broader application of environmental technologies originally developed by the steel industry. These efforts are placed in the context of activity in the steel industry and in Japan to reduce environmental impact. Collaborative and international activity will be vital in mitigating environmental impact.