Electrospinning of collagen type II: A feasibility study

Collagen is the natural scaffolding found in all tissues and has been explored extensively for use as a tissue engineering scaffold with limited success. In this feasibility study, the electrospinning of collagen type II and subsequent chondrocyte seeding was investigated for potential use in cartilage tissue engineering. The electrospinning process utilized lyophilized, chicken sternal cartilage collagen type II suspended in 1,1,1,3,3,3 hexaflouro-2-propanol and demonstrated that collagen type II could be electrospun to form nonwoven fibrous mats composed of type II fibers that ranged from 110 nm to 1.8 mum in diameter. The fiber diameter was dependant on the type II concentration in solution with a higher concentration producing the larger diameters. The preliminary chondrocyte seeding study demonstrated that electrospun collagen type II scaffolds support cell growth and are readily infiltrated. In conclusion, the feasibility of collagen type II electrospinning has been demonstrated and the novel scaffolds produced are composed of nano- to micron-scale fiber diameters that have been shown to be compatible with chondrocytes.