The vesicular amine transporter family (SLC18):: amine/proton antiporters required for vesicular accumulation and regulated exocytotic secretion of monoamines and acetylcholine

被引:149
作者
Eiden, LE
Schäfer, MKH
Weihe, E
Schütz, B
机构
[1] NIMH, Mol Neurosci Sect, Lab Cellular & Mol Regulat, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
[2] Univ Marburg, Inst Anat & Cell Biol, Dept Mol Neurosci, D-35033 Marburg, Germany
[3] Univ Bonn, Mol Neurobiol Lab, Clin Psychiat & Psychotherapy, D-53127 Bonn, Germany
来源
PFLUGERS ARCHIV-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY | 2004年 / 447卷 / 05期
关键词
cholinergic; adrenergic/noradrenergic; serotoninergic; histaminergic; autonomic nervous system; peripheral and central nervous system (PNS; CNS); neuroendocrine; mast cell; adrenal medulla; basophil cells; dendritic (Langerhans) cells; endocrine tumor; pancreatic beta cell (insulin cell) platelet/thrombocyte;
D O I
10.1007/s00424-003-1100-5
中图分类号
Q4 [生理学];
学科分类号
071003 ;
摘要
The vesicular amine transporters (VATs) are expressed as integral proteins of the lipid bilayer membrane of secretory vesicles in neuronal and endocrine cells. Their function is to allow the transport of acetylcholine (by the vesicular acetylcholine transporter VAChT; SLC18A3) and biogenic amines (by the vesicular monoamine transporters VMAT1 and VMAT2; SLC18A1 and SLC18A2) into secretory vesicles, which then discharge them into the extracellular space by exocytosis. Transport of positively charged amines by members of the SLC18 family in all cases utilizes an electrochemical gradient across the vesicular membrane established by proton pumping into the vesicle via a vacuolar ATPase; the amine is accumulated in the vesicle at the expense of the proton gradient, at a ratio of one translocated amine per two translocated protons. The members of the SLC18 family have become important histochemical markers for chemical coding in neuroendocrine tissues and cells. The structural basis of their remarkable ability to transport positively charged amines against a very large concentration gradient, as well as potential disease association with impaired transporter function and expression, are under intense investigation.
引用
收藏
页码:636 / 640
页数:5
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