Peeking into pit fields: A multiple twinning model of secondary plasmodesmata formation in tobacco

被引:94
作者
Faulkner, Christine [1 ]
Akman, Ozgur E. [1 ]
Bell, Karen [1 ]
Jeffree, Chris [1 ]
Oparka, Karl [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Biol Sci, Inst Mol Plant Sci, Ctr Syst Biol Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JH, Midlothian, Scotland
基金
英国生物技术与生命科学研究理事会;
关键词
D O I
10.1105/tpc.107.056903
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
In higher plants, plasmodesmata (PD) are major conduits for cell-cell communication. Primary PD are laid down at cytokinesis, while secondary PD arise during wall extension. During leaf development, the basal cell walls of trichomes extend radially without division, providing a convenient system for studying the origin of secondary PD. We devised a simple freeze-fracture protocol for examining large numbers of PD in surface view. In the postcytokinetic wall, simple PD were distributed randomly. As the wall extended, PD became twinned at the cell periphery. Additional secondary pores were inserted at right angles to these, giving rise to pit fields composed of several paired PD. During wall extension, the number of PD increased fivefold due to the insertion of secondary PD. Our data are consistent with a model in which a subset of the original primary PD pores function as templates for the insertion of new secondary PD, spatially fixing the position of future pit fields. Many of the new PD shared the same wall collar as the original PD pore, suggesting that new PD pores may arise by fissions of existing PD progenitors. Different models of secondary PD formation are discussed. Our data are supported by a computational model, Plasmodesmap, which accurately simulates the formation of radial pit fields during cell wall extension based on the occurrence of multiple PD twinning events in the cell wall. The model predicts PD distributions with striking resemblance to those seen on fractured wall faces.
引用
收藏
页码:1504 / 1518
页数:15
相关论文
共 62 条
[1]   Cell-to-cell movement of potato virus X is associated with a change in the size-exclusion limit of plasmodesmata in trichome cells of Nicotiana clevelandii [J].
Angell, SM ;
Davies, C ;
Baulcombe, DC .
VIROLOGY, 1996, 216 (01) :197-201
[2]   ULTRASTRUCTURAL SPECIALIZATIONS OF THE CELL-WALL SLEEVE AROUND PLASMODESMATA [J].
BADELT, K ;
WHITE, RG ;
OVERALL, RL ;
VESK, M .
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY, 1994, 81 (11) :1422-1427
[3]   Maize calreticulin localizes preferentially to plasmodesmata in root apex [J].
Baluska, F ;
Samaj, J ;
Napier, R ;
Volkmann, D .
PLANT JOURNAL, 1999, 19 (04) :481-488
[5]   Anisotropic expansion of the plant cell wall [J].
Baskin, TI .
ANNUAL REVIEW OF CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY, 2005, 21 :203-222
[6]   OCCURRENCE OF PLASMODESMATA-LIKE STRUCTURES IN A NON-DIVISION WALL [J].
BURGESS, J .
PROTOPLASMA, 1972, 74 (04) :449-&
[7]  
CANNATA N, 2005, SYST BIOL, V3, P105
[8]   Patterns of mesenchymal condensation in a multiscale, discrete stochastic model [J].
Christley, Scott ;
Alber, Mark S. ;
Newman, Stuart A. .
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY, 2007, 3 (04) :743-753
[9]   PHOSPHORYLATION OF TOBACCO MOSAIC-VIRUS CELL-TO-CELL MOVEMENT PROTEIN BY A DEVELOPMENTALLY REGULATED PLANT-CELL WALL-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN-KINASE [J].
CITOVSKY, V ;
MCLEAN, BG ;
ZUPAN, JR ;
ZAMBRYSKI, P .
GENES & DEVELOPMENT, 1993, 7 (05) :904-910
[10]   Growth of the plant cell wall [J].
Cosgrove, DJ .
NATURE REVIEWS MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY, 2005, 6 (11) :850-861