A novel hybrid nanocrystalline TiO2 electrode for the dye-sensitized nanocrystalline solar cells

The photoelectric behavior of the hybrid nanocrystalline TiO2 electrode for the dye-sensitized nanocrystalline solar cells based on nanometer powders was investigated. The roughness factor of the nanocrystalline TiO 2 thin films was calculated through the amount of bis(thio-cyanato)2,2'-bipyridyl-4,4'-dicarboxylate) ruthenium (II), known as N3 dye absorbing in the TiO2 films. Scanning electron microscopy pattern exhibits TiO2 layers composed of a three-dimensional network of interconnected particles. The photoelectric behaviors of the hybrid electrodes indicate that the photoelectrochemical cells based on TiO2 powders contaning with 71% anatase exhibit larger energy conversion.