Cyberbullying: Labels, Behaviours and Definition in Three European Countries

被引:203
作者
Nocentini, Annalaura [1 ]
Calmaestra, Juan [2 ]
Schultze-Krumbholz, Anja [3 ]
Scheithauer, Herbert [3 ]
Ortega, Rosario [2 ]
Menesini, Ersilia [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Florence, Dept Psychol, I-50135 Florence, Italy
[2] Univ Cordoba, Dept Psychol, E-14071 Cordoba, Spain
[3] Free Univ Berlin, Dept Educ Sci & Psychol, Berlin, Germany
关键词
cyberbullying; cross-cultural; focus groups; Spain; Italy; Germany;
D O I
10.1375/ajgc.20.2.129
中图分类号
G40 [教育学];
学科分类号
040101 ; 120403 ;
摘要
This study aims to examine students' perception of the term used to label cyberbullying, the perception of different forms and behaviours (written, verbal, visual, exclusion and impersonation) and the perception of the criteria used for its definition (imbalance of power, intention, repetition, anonymity and publicity) in three different European countries: Italy, Spain and Germany. Seventy adolescents took part in nine focus groups, using the same interview guide across countries. Thematic analysis focused on three main themes related to: (1) the term used to label cyberbullying, (2) the different behaviours representing cyberbullying, (3) the three traditional criteria of intentionality, imbalance of power and repetition and the two new criteria of anonymity and publicity. Results showed that the best word to label cyberbullying is 'cyber-mobbing' (in Germany), 'virtual' or 'cyber-bullying' (in Italy), and 'harassment' or 'harassment via Internet or mobile phone' (in Spain). Impersonation cannot be considered wholly as cyberbullying behaviour. In order to define a cyberbullying act, adolescents need to know whether the action was done intentionally to harm the victim, the effect on the victim and the repetition of the action (this latter criterion evaluated simultaneously with the publicity). Information about the anonymity and publicity contributes to better understand the nature and the severity of the act, the potential effects on the victim and the intentionality.
引用
收藏
页码:129 / 142
页数:14
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