Exploring self-efficacy as a predictor of disease management

被引:208
作者
Clark, NM [1 ]
Dodge, JA [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
关键词
D O I
10.1177/109019819902600107
中图分类号
R1 [预防医学、卫生学];
学科分类号
1004 ; 120402 ;
摘要
Self-efficacy is posited in social cognitive theory as fundamental to behavior change. Few health behavior studies have examined self-efficacy prospectively, viewed it as part of a reciprocal behavioral process, or compared self-efficacy beliefs in the same population across different behaviors. This article first discusses self-efficacy in its theoretical context and reviews the available prospective studies. Second, it explores self-efficacy as a predictor of disease management behaviors in 570 older women with heart disease. Although the R-2 statistics in each case were modest, the construct is shown to be a statistically significant (p < .05) predictor at both 4 and 12 months postbaseline of several disease management behaviors: using medicine as prescribed, getting adequate exercise, managing stress, and following a recommended diet. Building self-efficacy is likely a reasonable starting point for interventions aiming to enhance heart disease management behaviors of mature female patients.
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页码:72 / 89
页数:18
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