Mossbauer spectroscopy as an efficient tool to study Li insertion mechanisms in negative electrodes for Li ion batteries

Some aspects of the influence on the electrochemical mechanisms of the anion and structure in tin based negative materials are presented. Li insertion mechanisms in SnS and tin composite oxides (TCO) are analysed by Sn-119 Mossbauer spectroscopy. For SnS, Mossbauer experiments were combined with in situ X-ray diffraction in order to determine tin oxidation states and identify the phases occurring during the discharge. The Mossbauer recoil-free fraction has been determined for TCO and the Debye temperature is found to be lower than that of crystalline SnO in good agreement with the lower network rigidity of the glass. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved.