Matrix Metalloproteinase-13 Expression in IL-1β-treated Chondrocytes by Activation of the p38 MAPK/c-Fos/AP-1 and JAK/STAT Pathways

Matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13, mammalian collagenase) degrades the cartilage matrix in pathological conditions such as osteoarthritis. Here, to establish the signaling pathway to MMP-13 induction, effects of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and the possibility of some other signaling pathways involved are investigated in interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta)-treated human chondrosarcoma cell line, SW1353 cells. IL-1 beta (10 ng/mL) treatment induced MMP-13 in SW1353 cells, with concomitant activation of nuclear factor-kappa B, activator protein-1 (AP-1) and MAPKs, including extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase, p38 MAPK and c-Jun N-terminal kinase. Among these MAPKs, only p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580) blocked MMP-13 induction and AP-1 activation in IL-1 beta-treated SW1353 cells. SB203580 also inhibited c-Fos translocation to the nucleus (but not c-Jun). Importantly, IL-1 beta treatment induced Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1/2 (STAT1/2) activation. The JAK2 inhibitor (AG490) blocked STAT1/2 activation as well as MMP-13 induction in IL-1 beta-treated SW1353 cells. STAT1/2 siRNA transfection also reduced MMP-13 expression levels. Thus, from the present study, it is concluded that p38 MAPK/c-Fos/AP-1 and JAK2/STAT1/2 are involved in MMP-13 induction of IL-1 beta-treated human chondrocytes, SW1353 cells. Blocking these signaling pathways may have chondroprotective effects in cartilage degeneration.