Delivery of molecular medicine to solid tumors: lessons from in vivo imaging of gene expression and function

Extraordinary advances in molecular medicine and biotechnology have led to the development of a vast number of anti-cancer therapeutic agents. To reach cancer cells in a tumor, a blood-borne therapeutic molecule, particle or cell must make its way into the blood vessels of the tumor and across the vessel wall into the interstitium and finally migrate through the interstitium. Unfortunately, tumors often develop in ways that hinder each of these steps. Our research goals are to analyze each of these steps, experimentally and theoretically and then integrate the resulting information in a unified theoretical framework. This paradigm of analysis and synthesis has allowed us to obtain a better understanding of microcirculatory barriers in solid tumors and to develop novel strategies to exploit and/or to overcome these barriers for improved cancer detection and treatment. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.