Erithrophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis - Neuroradiologic findings

Erithrophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis is a rare disease characterized by exaggerated histiocytic proliferation and activation(12) and multisystem involvement including visceral organs, lymph nodes, bone marrow and central nervous system(4). Magnetic Resonance (MR) examination was performed in 10 patients with previously diagnosed Erithrophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. This study was aimed at assessing MR accuracy in the identification and characterization of central nervous system lesions. MR findings show a good correlation with areas of parenchymal and meningeal lymphohistiocytic infiltration 5, demonstrating diffuse white matter abnormalities in the early stages and necrotic areas with parenchymal volume loss as terminal findings'. In addition, MR allows the follow-up after chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation(2.3). Although rare, EL should be differentiated from other pediatric patchy white matter abnormalities(5).