Hostplant suitability and defensive chemistry of the Catalpa sphinx, Ceratomia catalpae

被引:63
作者
Bowers, MD [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Colorado, UCB 334, Museum & Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
关键词
Bignoniaceae; Catalpa; catalpol; catalposide; Cotesia congregata; iridoid glycosides; parasitoid; regurgitation; sequestration;
D O I
10.1023/A:1026234716785
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
The growth and survival of the Catalpa sphinx, Ceratomia catalpae (Sphingidae), were measured on five different species of Catalpa: C. bignonioides, C. bungeii, C. fargeseii, C. ovata, and C. speciosa. Larval growth varied significantly among these host plant species; however, survival did not differ. Quantification of the iridoid glycoside content of larvae, pupae, adults, larval frass, and leaves of the larval host plant, C. bignonioides, by gas chromatography showed that leaves contained both catalpol and catalposide; larvae, pupae, and frass contained only catalpol; and the adults contained no detectable iridoid glycosides. Amounts were highest in the larvae and declined in the pupal stage. Very small amounts of catalpol were detected in adults of the parasitoid, Cotesia congregata, and in the silken cocoons. The hemolymph in which the parasitoid larvae grew contained over 50% dry weight catalpol. Larvae of C. catalpae often regurgitate when disturbed. This may serve as a defense against predators. A comparison of the growth of larvae pinched with forceps to induce regurgitation with those that were not so treated showed that larvae that were pinched, and usually regurgitated, grew significantly more slowly than those that were not.
引用
收藏
页码:2359 / 2367
页数:9
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