Selective impairment of hippocampal neurogenesis by chronic alcoholism:: Protective effects of an antioxidant

被引:206
作者
Herrera, DG [1 ]
Yagüe, AG
Johnsen-Soriano, S
Bosch-Morell, F
Collado-Morente, L
Muriach, M
Romero, FJ
García-Verdugo, JM
机构
[1] Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10021 USA
[2] Univ Valencia, Dept Cell Biol, E-46100 Valencia, Spain
[3] Univ Cardenal Herrera, Ctr Estudios Univ, Dept Physiol Pharmacol & Toxicol, Moncada 46113, Spain
关键词
D O I
10.1073/pnas.1230907100
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
A major pathogenic mechanism of chronic alcoholism involves oxidative burden to liver and other cell types. We show that adult neurogenesis within the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus is selectively impaired in a rat model of alcoholism, and that it can be completely prevented by the antioxidant ebselen. Rats fed for 6 weeks with a liquid diet containing moderate doses of ethanol had a 66.3% decrease in the number of new neurons and a 227-279% increase in cell death in the dentate gyrus as compared with paired controls. Neurogenesis within the olfactory bulb was not affected by alcohol. Our studies indicate that alcohol abuse, even for a short duration, results in the death of newly formed neurons within the adult brain and that the underlying mechanism is related to oxidative or nitrosative stress. Moreover, these findings suggest that the impaired neurogenesis may be a mechanism mediating cognitive deficits observed in alcoholism.
引用
收藏
页码:7919 / 7924
页数:6
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