IRE-ABP (insulin response element-A binding protein), an SRY-like protein, inhibits C/EBPα (CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α)-stimulated expression of the sex-specific cytochrome P450 2C12 gene

In primary hepatocytes, overexpression of an insulin response element-a binding protein (IRE-ABP), a member of the SRY family of high-mobility group (HMG) proteins, inhibits CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBP alpha)-mediated activation of the female-specific cytochrome P450 2C12 (CYP2C12) gene, but not the male-specific cytochrome P450 2C11 (CYP2C11) gene. IRE-ABP and C/EBP alpha have overlapping specificity for the C/EBP alpha target site in the CYP2C12 promoter and compete for binding to CYP2C12 DNA in vitro. In contrast, IRE-ABP and C/EBP alpha bind distinct sequences in the CYP2C11 promoter. A single amino acid substitution in the HMG domain of IRE-ABP impairs its ability to bind DNA and to inhibit the effect of C/EBP alpha on CYP2C12 gene expression. Therefore, the ability of IRE-ABP to inhibit C/EBP alpha-stimulated CYP2C12 gene expression requires a functional DNA-binding domain. Taken together, our findings suggest that SRY-like proteins can bind to a subset of sequences recognized by the C/EBP family of DNA-binding proteins and modulate gene transcription in a context-specific manner.