Efficacy and Safety of Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Receptor Antagonists for Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Within Twelve Hours of Fibrinolysis

Objective: To compare clinical outcomes between glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist recipients and nonrecipients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) within 12 hr of fibrinolysis. Background: Despite limited evidence, glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonists are widely used in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing routine early or rescue PCI after fibrinolysis. Methods: We evaluated 87 and 556 glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist recipients and nonrecipients enrolled in a regional registry of STEMI between October 2002 and December 2005. The primary efficacy endpoint was a composite of death from any cause, reinfarction, and stroke at 1 year of follow-up. The primary safety endpoint was the rate of in-hospital major bleeding that was not related to coronary artery bypass grafting. Results: The primary efficacy endpoint occurred in 12% (10 of 81) and 13% (72 of 525) of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist recipients and nonrecipients, respectively (P = 0.74). The corresponding rates of major bleeding during index hospitalization were 4.8% (4 of 84) and 5.1% (28 of 544) (P = 0.88), respectively. Two glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist recipients and five nonrecipients experienced intracranial hemorrhage. After adjusting for propensity score, the odds of primary efficacy (odds ratio, 0.79; 95% confidence interval, 0.34-1.83) and safety (odds ratio, 0.75; 95% confidence interval, 0.22-2.62) endpoints did not differ according to the use of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonists. Conclusion: In this observational cohort study of unselected patients with STEMI, the administration of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonists provided no additional benefit to PCI performed within 12 hr of fibrinolysis, nor did it compromise patient safety. (C) 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc.