Solute transport into healthy and powdery mildew-infected leaves of pea and uptake by powdery mildew mycelium

The transport of sugars and amino acids into the mycelium of Erysiphe pisi DC. was investigated using two different systems, intact leaf discs and mycelial suspensions. Of the sugars tested, glucose was preferentially taken up by both uninfected and mildew-infected leaf discs, whereas glutamine was taken up by both tissues at a higher rate than lysine or aspartic acid. Leaf discs from infected tissue had a greater uptake capacity than those from healthy tissue for both sugars and amino acids. The uptake of glucose was inhibited more markedly than that of sucrose and fructose by 10 mu M carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP), 1 mM N-ethylmaleimide (NEM), 1 mM diethyl pyrocarbonate (DEPC) and 1 mM phenylglyoxal, whereas 1 mM PCMBS (p-chloromercuribenzenesulphonic acid) inhibited sucrose uptake to the greatest extent. Uptake of glutamine, lysine and aspartic acid was inhibited similarly by CCCP (80%), NEM (20%), DEPC (70%) and PCMBS (60%). Additionally, leaf discs were used to determine which solutes could be taken up from leaf tissue by the fungus. The uptake of sugars into the mycelium was greater than that of amino acids. Suspensions of powdery mildew mycelium accumulated glucose at about three times the rate of sucrose or fructose, and the amino acid glutamine was taken up at three times the rate of lysine or aspartic acid. Spores separated from the suspension had a low uptake capacity. When the reducing sugar concentration of leaf apoplastic fluid was estimated, leaves infected by powdery mildew had much higher amounts in the apoplast, whereas the activity of acid invertase also appeared to be higher in apoplastic fluids from infected leaves. When apoplastic fluid samples were run on SDS gels, an invertase antibody detected two bands in samples from infected tissues that were not found in the uninfected samples.