Lessons from the p53 mutant mouse

The use of the mouse as a model organism in cancer research has a long and productive history, from the earliest studies of chemical carcinogenesis to the recent advances in gene targeting. Many of the basic principles of tumorigenesis have been formed in whole or in part through the study of tumor development in the mouse. Over the past decade, the major experimental approach has been to generate cancer-prone strains, either through transgenic technologies or, more recently, gene targeting. Here, I will review the state of the field of gene targeting of tumor-suppressor genes and concentrate on the p53 mutant strains and the lessons learned from the p53 mutant mouse.