Growth Factor-Dependent and -Independent Activation of mTORC2

被引：48

作者：

Knudsen, Jonas R. ^{[1
]}

Fritzen, Andreas M. ^{[1
]}

James, David E. ^{[2
,3
,4
]}

Jensen, Thomas E. ^{[1
]}

Kleinert, Maximilian ^{[1
,5
,6
]}

Richter, Erik A. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Copenhagen, Fac Sci, Dept Nutr Exercise & Sports, Sect Mol Physiol, Copenhagen, Denmark

[2] Univ Sydney, Sch Life & Environm Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia

[3] Univ Sydney, Charles Perkins Ctr, Sydney, NSW, Australia

[4] Univ Sydney, Sydney Med Sch, Sydney, NSW, Australia

[5] Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, HDC, Inst Diabet & Obes, Neuherberg, Germany

[6] German Ctr Diabet Res DZD, Neuherberg, Germany

来源：

TRENDS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM | 2020年 / 31卷 / 01期

关键词：

COMPLEX; 2; MTORC2; MAMMALIAN TARGET; GLUCOSE-UPTAKE; PHOSPHATIDIC-ACID; MEMBRANE LOCALIZATION; PROTEIN COMPLEXES; PHOSPHOINOSITIDE; 3-KINASE; MOTIF PHOSPHORYLATION; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; AKT PHOSPHORYLATION;

D O I：

10.1016/j.tem.2019.09.005

中图分类号：

R5 [内科学];

学科分类号：

100201 [内科学];

摘要：

The target of rapamycin complex 2 (TORC2) was discovered in 2002 in budding yeast. Its mammalian counterpart, mTORC2, was first described in 2004. Soon thereafter it was demonstrated that mTORC2 directly phosphorylates Akt on Ser473, ending a long search for the elusive 'second' insulin-responsive Akt kinase. In this review we discuss key evidence pertaining to the subcellular localization of mTORC2, highlighting a spatial heterogeneity that relates to mTORC2 activation. We summarize current models for how growth factors (GFs), such as insulin, trigger mTORC2 activation, and we provide a comprehensive discussion focusing on a new exciting frontier, the molecular mechanisms underpinning GF-independent activation of mTORC2.

引用

页码：13 / 24

页数：12

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