FDR PSO-based transient stability constrained optimal power flow solution for deregulated power industry

In this article, a novel method, called fitness distance ratio particle swarm optimization (FDR PSO) is employed to solve the optimal power flow (OPF) problem with ramp rate limits of the generators. The proposed method has been demonstrated on IEEE 30 bus test system and the results are compared with recently published works of the other optimization methods. Transient stability limit is incorporated while solving the OPF problem. Wheeling transactions are also carried out on the test system and their feasibility is checked with the transient stability limit of the generators. Contingency analysis is also carried out on the test system and the system stability is verified.