Long-term course of acute brief psychosis in a developing country setting

Background This study in North India compared acute brief psychosis defined by acute onset, brief duration and no early relapse - with other remitting psychoses, over a 12-year course and outcome. Method In a cohort of incident psychoses, we identified 20 cases of acute brief psychosis and a comparison group of 43 other remitting psychoses based on two-year follow-up. Seventeen people (85%) in the acute brief psychosis group and 36 (84%) in the comparison group were reassessed at five, seven and 12 years after onset, and were rediagnosed using ICD-10 criteria. Results At 12-year follow-up,the proportion with remaining signs of illness was 6% (n= I) for acute brief psychosis versus 50% (n=18)for the comparison group (P=0.002). Using ICD-IO criteria. the majority in both groups were diagnosed as having schizophrenia. Conclusions Acute brief psychosis has a distinctive and benign long-term course when compared with other remitting psychoses. This finding supports the ICD-10 concept of a separable group of acute and transient psychotic disorders. To effectively separate this group, however, the ICD-IO criteria need modification.