Hydrodynamic Deformation and Removal of Staphylococcus epidermidis Biofilms Treated With Urea, Chlorhexidine, Iron Chloride, or DispersinB

被引:59
作者
Brindle, Eric R. [1 ]
Miller, David A. [1 ]
Stewart, Philip S. [2 ]
机构
[1] Montana State Univ, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA
[2] Montana State Univ, Ctr Biofilm Engn, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
biofilm; biofilm deformation; biofilm treatment; biofilm removal; BACTERIAL BIOFILMS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ADHESION STRENGTH; TENSILE-STRENGTH; FLUID SHEAR; DETACHMENT; MODEL; FORCE; MICROSCOPY; STRESS;
D O I
10.1002/bit.23245
中图分类号
Q81 [生物工程学(生物技术)]; Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 0836 ; 090102 ; 100705 ;
摘要
The force-deflection and removal characteristics of bacterial biofilm were measured by two different techniques before and after chemical, or enzymatic, treatment. The first technique involved time lapse imaging of a biofilm grown in a capillary flow cell and subjected to a brief shear stress challenge imparted through increased fluid flow. Biofilm removal was determined by calculating the reduction in biofilm area from quantitative analysis of transmission images. The second technique was based on micro-indentation using an atomic force microscope. In both cases, biofilms formed by Staphylococcus epidermidis were exposed to buffer (untreated control), urea, chlorhexidine, iron chloride, or DispersinB. In control experiments, the biofilm exhibited force-deflection responses that were similar before and after the same treatment. The biofilm structure was stable during the post-treatment shear challenge (1% loss). Biofilms treated with chlorhexidine became less deformable after treatment and no increase in biomass removal was seen during the post-treatment shear challenge (2% loss). In contrast, biofilms treated with urea or DispersinB became more deformable and exhibited significant biofilm loss during the post-treatment flow challenge (71% and 40%, respectively). During the treatment soak phase, biofilms exposed to urea swelled. Biofilms exposed to iron chloride showed little difference from the control other than slight contraction during the treatment soak. These observations suggest the following interpretations: (1) chemical or enzymatic treatments, including those that are not frankly antimicrobial, can alter the cohesion of bacterial biofilm; (2) biocidal treatments (e.g., chlorhexidine) do not necessarily weaken the biofilm; and (3) biofilm removal following treatment with agents that make the biofilm more deformable (e.g., urea, DispersinB) depend on interaction between the moving fluid and the biofilm structure. Measurements such as those reported here open the door to development of new technologies for controlling detrimental biofilms by targeting biofilm cohesion rather than killing microorganisms. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2011; 108: 2968-2977. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
引用
收藏
页码:2968 / 2977
页数:10
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