Environmental impact and impact assessment of seawater desalination

被引:697
作者
Lattemann, Sabine [1 ]
Hoepner, Thomas [1 ]
机构
[1] Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, Inst Chem & Biol Marine Environm, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany
关键词
seawater desalination; environmental impact; impact assessment; EIA; marine environment; brine; wastewater; energy; chemicals; chlorine; antiscalants;
D O I
10.1016/j.desal.2007.03.009
中图分类号
TQ [化学工业];
学科分类号
0817 ;
摘要
Desalination of seawater accounts for a worldwide water production of 24.5 million m(3)/day. A "hot spot" of intense desalination activity has always been the Arabian Gulf, but other regional centers of activity emerge and become more prominent, such as the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea, or the coastal waters of California, China and Australia. Despite the many benefits the technology has to offer, concerns rise over potential negative impacts on the environment. Key issues are the concentrate and chemical discharges to the marine environment, the emissions of air pollutants and the energy demand of the processes. To safeguard a sustainable use of desalination technology, the impacts of each major desalination project should be investigated and mitigated by means of a project- and location-specific environmental impact assessment (EIA) study, while the benefits and impacts of different water supply options should be balanced on the scale of regional management plans. In this context, our paper intends to present an overview on present seawater desalination capacities by region, a synopsis of the key environmental concerns of desalination, including ways of mitigating the impacts of desalination on the environment, and of avoiding some of the dangers of the environment to desalination.
引用
收藏
页码:1 / 15
页数:15
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